相對(duì)于其他控制方式，通過股權(quán)比例控制是非常硬”的控制方式，當(dāng) 然也是“非常真金白銀”的控制方式。實(shí)力才是硬道理，“槍桿子里出政權(quán)”，這里的“槍桿子”就是股權(quán)比例。要理解如何通過股權(quán)比例來實(shí)施控制權(quán)，就必須了解一些事項(xiàng)，比如：股權(quán)52%與51%有什么區(qū)別？下面山東股權(quán)設(shè)計(jì)公司為您分析：

Compared to other control methods, controlling through equity ratio is a very hard "control method, and of course, it is also a" very real gold and silver "control method. Strength is the absolute principle, and 'power comes from the barrel of the gun', where 'barrel of the gun' refers to the proportion of equity. To understand how to implement control through equity ratio, it is necessary to understand some matters, such as: What is the difference between 52% equity and 51% equity? Below, Shandong Equity Design Company will analyze for you:

在實(shí)際股權(quán)設(shè)計(jì)中，為什么建議“建議用52%而不是51%”作為這一階段的絕對(duì)控制線呢?因?yàn)榧僭O(shè)下一階段上市股改，需要稀釋10%;公開上市，為流通股留出25%的稀釋空間。經(jīng)過兩次稀釋后，大股東還剩下52%*65%=33.8%的股份，而51%*65%=33.15%。

Why is it recommended to use 52% instead of 51% as the absolute control line for this stage in actual equity design? Because assuming that the next stage of listing and share reform requires a dilution of 10%; Public listing, leaving a 25% dilution space for circulating stocks. After two dilutions, the majority shareholder still has 52% * 65%=33.8% of the shares, while 51% * 65%=33.15%.

上市后，3.8%和33.315%絕對(duì)有能然不同的作用，因?yàn)閮烧咧g正好有一道33.4%的相對(duì)控制權(quán)線(安全控制線)，

After going public, 3.8% and 33.315% have absolutely different effects, as there happens to be a 33.4% relative control line (safety control line) between the two,

在公司生死攸關(guān)的時(shí)候可以有票否決權(quán)。當(dāng)然，這是假設(shè)上市股政稀釋10%、公開發(fā)行稀釋25%的整數(shù)情況。這也是一種理想狀況或者理論狀況。

When the company's life and death are at stake, there is a veto power. Of course, this is an integer scenario that assumes a dilution of 10% for listed stocks and a dilution of 25% for public offerings. This is also an ideal or theoretical situation.

股權(quán)52％與51％的區(qū)別：

The difference between 52% and 51% equity:

1、掌握控股權(quán)不同：股權(quán)52％擁有的股權(quán)越多，掌握的控制權(quán)就越牢固。通常，把持有67％以上的股權(quán)稱為“絕對(duì)控制權(quán)”，因?yàn)檫@代表著管理層擁有了三分之二的表決權(quán)。股權(quán)51％掌握的控制權(quán)相對(duì)股權(quán)52％的較少；

1. Holding control is different: the more equity 52% holds, the stronger the control. Usually, holding more than 67% of the equity is referred to as "absolute control" because it represents that the management has two-thirds of the voting rights. 51% of the equity holds less control compared to 52% of the equity;

2、表決權(quán)不同：股權(quán)52％比股權(quán)51％的表決權(quán)多。通過構(gòu)建持股實(shí)體，以間接加強(qiáng)管理層的控制力，是三種方式中非常為復(fù)雜但也更為穩(wěn)定可靠的方式。常見的操作方式是：管理層設(shè)立一家有限責(zé)任公司或有限合伙企業(yè)作為目標(biāo)公司的持股實(shí)體，同時(shí)成為該公司的法定代表人、唯一的董事、唯一的普通合伙人或執(zhí)行事務(wù)合伙人，非常后達(dá)成掌握目標(biāo)公司表決權(quán)的效果。

2. Different voting rights: 52% equity has more voting rights than 51% equity. Building a shareholding entity to indirectly strengthen management's control is a very complex but also more stable and reliable approach among the three methods. The common way of operation is that the management establishes a limited liability company or limited partnership as the shareholding entity of the target company, and at the same time becomes the legal representative, the only director, the only General partner or the executive partner of the company, so as to achieve the effect of controlling the voting rights of the target company.

公司股東分類：

Classification of Company Shareholders:

1、隱名股東和顯名股東：以出資的實(shí)際情況與登記記載是否一致，我們把公司股東分為隱名股東和顯名股東。隱名股東是指雖然實(shí)際出資認(rèn)繳、認(rèn)購公司出資額或股份，但在公司章程、股東名冊(cè)和工商登記等材料中卻記載為他人的投資者，隱名股東又稱為隱名投資人、實(shí)際出資人；

1. Anonymous shareholders and named shareholders: Based on whether the actual situation of investment is consistent with the registration records, we divide the company's shareholders into anonymous shareholders and named shareholders. Anonymous shareholders refer to investors who, although actually subscribed or subscribed for the company's capital or shares, are recorded as others in the company's articles of association, shareholder register, and business registration documents. Anonymous shareholders are also known as anonymous investors or actual investors;

2、個(gè)人股東和機(jī)構(gòu)股東：以股東主體身份來分，可分機(jī)構(gòu)股東和個(gè)人股東。機(jī)構(gòu)股東指享有股東權(quán)的法人和其他組織。機(jī)構(gòu)股東包括各類公司、各類全民和集體所有制企業(yè)、各類非營(yíng)利法人和基金等機(jī)構(gòu)和組織。個(gè)人股東是指一般的自然人股東；

2. Individual shareholders and institutional shareholders: can be divided into institutional shareholders and individual shareholders based on their main shareholder identity. Institutional shareholders refer to legal persons and other organizations that enjoy shareholder rights. Institutional shareholders include various types of companies, state-owned and collectively owned enterprises, non-profit legal persons, funds, and other institutions and organizations. Individual shareholders refer to general natural person shareholders;

3、創(chuàng)始股東與一般股東：以獲得股東資格時(shí)間和條件等來分，可分為創(chuàng)始股東與一般股東。創(chuàng)始股東是指為組織、設(shè)立公司、簽署設(shè)立協(xié)議或者在公司章程上簽字蓋章，認(rèn)繳出資，并對(duì)公司設(shè)立承擔(dān)相應(yīng)責(zé)任的人。創(chuàng)始股東也叫原始股東。一般股東指因出資、繼承、接受贈(zèng)與而取得公司出資或者股權(quán)，并因而享有股東權(quán)利、承擔(dān)股東義務(wù)的人；

3. Founding shareholders and general shareholders: can be divided into founding shareholders and general shareholders based on the time and conditions for obtaining shareholder qualifications. The founding shareholder refers to the person who organizes, establishes a company, signs an establishment agreement, or signs and seals the company's articles of association, subscribes to capital contributions, and assumes corresponding responsibilities for the establishment of the company. The founding shareholder is also known as the original shareholder. General shareholders refer to those who acquire company capital or equity through contribution, inheritance, or donation, and thus enjoy shareholder rights and assume shareholder obligations;

4、控股股東與非控股股東：以股東持股的數(shù)量與影響力來分，可分為控股股東與非控股股東。控股股東又分絕對(duì)控股股東與相對(duì)控股股東。控股股東，是指其出資額占有限責(zé)任資本總額50％或依其出資額所享有的表決權(quán)已足以對(duì)股東、股東大會(huì)的決議產(chǎn)生重大影響的股東。更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容就來我們網(wǎng)站http://m.lfttpm.com咨詢吧！

4. Controlling shareholders and non controlling shareholders: can be divided into controlling shareholders and non controlling shareholders based on the number and influence of shareholder holdings. The controlling shareholders are divided into absolute controlling shareholders and relative controlling shareholders. Controlling shareholder refers to a shareholder whose capital contribution accounts for 50% of the total limited liability capital or whose voting rights based on their capital contribution are sufficient to have a significant impact on the resolutions of shareholders or shareholders' meetings. For more related content, come to our website http://m.lfttpm.com Consult!