股權激勵，簡單來說，就是讓員工持有公司股票或股票期權，使其利益與公司利益緊密相連。員工成為公司的利益共同體后，會更積極主動地為公司的發展貢獻力量。這種激勵方式在高科技企業、創業公司等高成長性行業應用廣泛，因為這些行業對人才和創新的依賴度極高。通過股權激勵，企業能夠吸引和留住優秀人才，提高員工工作積極性和創新能力，進而增強企業核心競爭力。同時，員工歸屬感和忠誠度的提升，也有助于降低企業管理成本。

Equity incentive, in simple terms, is to allow employees to hold company stocks or stock options, so that their interests are closely linked to the interests of the company. After becoming a community of shared interests in the company, employees will be more proactive in contributing to the company's development. This incentive method is widely used in high growth industries such as high-tech enterprises and start-up companies, as these industries rely heavily on talent and innovation. Through equity incentives, enterprises can attract and retain outstanding talents, improve employee work enthusiasm and innovation ability, and thereby enhance the core competitiveness of the enterprise. At the same time, the improvement of employees' sense of belonging and loyalty also helps to reduce the management costs of the enterprise.

限制性股票是山東企業常用的激勵手段。公司將一定數量的股票贈送給或以低價出售給員工，但這些股票在一定期限內不能上市流通或轉讓。山東一家傳統制造業企業，為了推動企業轉型升級，對研發團隊實施了限制性股票激勵。研發人員為了使手中的限制性股票能夠增值，全身心投入到新技術研發中，成功幫助企業推出了一系列高附加值產品，企業業績顯著提升，員工手中的股票價值也水漲船高。

Restricted stocks are a commonly used incentive tool for Shandong enterprises. The company gives or sells a certain number of stocks to employees at a low price, but these stocks cannot be listed, traded or transferred for a certain period of time. A traditional manufacturing enterprise in Shandong has implemented restricted stock incentives for its R&D team in order to promote transformation and upgrading. In order to increase the value of their restricted stocks, R&D personnel devoted themselves wholeheartedly to new technology research and development, successfully helping the company launch a series of high value-added products. The company's performance significantly improved, and the value of the stocks held by employees also skyrocketed.

虛擬股票和股票增值權同樣在山東企業的股權激勵實踐中有所應用。虛擬股票讓員工享受分紅權和增值權，卻不改變公司股權結構；股票增值權則使員工獲得股票價值增值部分，激勵員工關注公司業績表現。例如，山東某服務型企業采用虛擬股票激勵方式，在不影響原有股權結構的基礎上，有效調動了員工積極性，企業服務質量大幅提升，客戶滿意度增加，企業利潤持續增長。?

Virtual stocks and stock appreciation rights have also been applied in the equity incentive practices of Shandong enterprises. Virtual stocks allow employees to enjoy dividend and appreciation rights without changing the company's equity structure; The stock appreciation right allows employees to receive a portion of the stock's value appreciation, motivating them to pay attention to the company's performance. For example, a service-oriented enterprise in Shandong Province adopted virtual stock incentive methods, which effectively mobilized employee enthusiasm without affecting the original equity structure, significantly improved the quality of enterprise services, increased customer satisfaction, and sustained profit growth. ?

為了更好地推動股權激勵，山東省政府也出臺了一系列政策。如省國資委制定的相關意見，對授予條件、激勵方式等進行完善。在授予條件上，突出 “寬進嚴出”，適當放寬授予業績條件，不再將歷史業績水平作為實施激勵的先決條件，而是更注重企業未來的高質量發展；同時，嚴控行權條件，要求上市公司業績增長和激勵對象個人績效提高都要達到相應標準。在激勵方式上，增加了股票增值權，并鼓勵 H 股上市公司優先使用該方式。對于科創板上市公司，更是給予額外支持，提高授予權益份額，放寬限制性股票授予價格，允許尚未盈利的科創板上市公司實施股權激勵，提高股權激勵收益水平，打破激勵對象實際收益上限。

In order to better promote equity incentives, the Shandong Provincial Government has also introduced a series of policies. According to the relevant opinions formulated by the Provincial State owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, the conditions for granting and incentive methods should be improved. In terms of granting conditions, highlight the principle of "lenient entry and strict exit", appropriately relax the granting performance conditions, no longer use historical performance level as a prerequisite for implementing incentives, but pay more attention to the high-quality development of the enterprise in the future; At the same time, strict control of exercise conditions is required, requiring listed companies to meet corresponding standards for performance growth and individual performance improvement of incentive targets. In terms of incentive methods, stock appreciation rights have been added, and H-share listed companies are encouraged to prioritize the use of this method. For companies listed on the Science and Technology Innovation Board, additional support is provided by increasing the grant of equity shares, relaxing restricted stock grant prices, allowing companies listed on the board that have not yet made profits to implement equity incentives, increasing the level of equity incentive returns, and breaking the actual upper limit of incentive targets' returns.

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