Any method of top-level design cannot escape the 12 equity design methods provided below, or a single method or a combination of multiple methods. Therefore, knowing the basic elements of top-level design, the top-level layout can be combined according to needs

股東層控制

Shareholder level control

1、控股權：是通過直接或間接的方式，持股比例好在66.7%以上，這主要是針對初創公司來說的，因為公司的發展，股權需要稀釋，但傳統的制造企業，很多情況是通過控股實現控制權的，例如我國的上市公司，大多數是控股來實現的，創業板的民營企業，主辦的國有企業都一樣

1. Control of equity: It is achieved through direct or indirect means, preferably with a shareholding ratio of over 66.7%. This is mainly for start-up companies, as the company's development requires dilution of equity. However, traditional manufacturing enterprises often achieve control through holding shares, such as listed companies in China, where most of them are controlled by holding shares. Private enterprises on the Growth Enterprise Market and state-owned enterprises hosting the company are the same

治理控制與協議控制

Governance Control and Protocol Control

1、同股不同權（境外AB股，dual-classstructure)：

1. Same share with different rights (overseas AB shares, dual class structure):

就是“同股不同權”制度。其主要內容包括：公司股票區分為A序列普通股（A 類股）與B序列普通股（B類股），A類股與B類股設定不同的投票權

It is the "same stock but different rights" system. Its main content includes: distinguishing the company's stocks into A-series ordinary shares (A-class shares) and B-series ordinary shares (B-class shares), with different voting rights set for A-class shares and B-class shares

2、持股平臺

2. Shareholding platform

有限合伙持股：創始人控制有限合伙持有公司的投票權，具體是由創始人或其名下公司擔任GP控制整個有限合伙，然后通過這個有限合伙持有和控制公司的部分股權

Limited Partnership Shareholding: The founder controls the voting rights of the company held by the limited partnership. Specifically, the founder or his company serves as the GP to control the entire limited partnership, and then holds and controls a portion of the company's equity through this limited partnership

3、協議控制

3. Protocol control

董事會控制

Board control

董事的提名權：創始人如能夠提名董事會的多數成員，實現對公司控制。創始人股東可以直接和其他的股東約定，由他持有的股權的數量，即他持有的股權的數量可能不到公司股權的 50%，但他有權力提名董事會里面的多數成員，并且將這一約定寫到公司的章程里面去： 阿里巴巴合伙人制度就是如此設計

Nomination right of directors: If the founder is able to nominate a majority of the members of the board of directors, control of the company can be achieved. Founder shareholders can directly agree with other shareholders that the number of equity held by them may not be less than 50% of the company's equity, but they have the right to nominate a majority of the members of the board of directors and include this agreement in the company's articles of association: the Alibaba partnership system is designed like this

董事會的決策機制區別于股東會，按照【一人一票制】

The decision-making mechanism of the board of directors is different from that of the shareholders' meeting, which follows the "one person, one vote system"

經營層控制

Management control

之前的當當網，李國慶借用公司公章來奪取公司的控制權就是屬于這種層次方法

Previously, on Dangdang.com, Li Guoqing used the company seal to seize control of the company, which was a hierarchical approach

1、法定代表人職位

1. Legal representative position

2、印章、營業執照

2. Seal, Business License

3、掌控業務資源

3. Control business resources

4、公司章程

4. Articles of Association

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